A retruded lower jaw is often an inherited trait and gives the appearance that the upper teeth are protrusive.

The orthodontist decides clinically and with the aid of radiographs as to the degree of lower jaw retrusion. The use of functional appliances, such as the Herbst appliance, is often a treatment of choice to improve the lower jaw position, the profile, and the tooth position in a growing patient. Jaw surgery is an option in a mature, non-growing patient.